Abstract:

Polarization is now well established and documented. The increase in the share of high-wage and low-wage jobs at the expense of "intermediate" jobs has led to a polarization of jobs in the US (Autor, 2010; Autor, Dorn, 2013; Autor et al., 2006).One can largely explain this by the automation of routine tasks that then disappear in favour of non-routine manual or intellectual tasks. The automation of tasks has also contributed to polarization of employment in Europe (Goos et al., 2009). Now there is a lot of concern in what the future holds for the world of work (e.g. Ford, 2015) and there are some important unanswered questions.